책 소개
사과는 온대지역의 대표적 과수로서 세계인이 사랑하는 과실이다. 우리나라에서도 과일의 대표주자로 꼽힌다. 재배 역사가 100년에 이르며, 2016년 기준으로 3만 3,000ha에서 58만톤이 생산되고 있다. 재배 농가의 소득도 높은 편이다. 오늘날 사과 연구자와 재배 농가 앞에는 새로운 과제가 놓여 있다. 자유무역협정(FTA)으로 국내 시장이 개방되고 수출입이 자유화될 것으로 예상되는 이때, 국내 소비만을 위해 생산하는 작목에서 세계화 시대의 작목으로 거듭나야 하는 과제가 그것이다. 그동안 국내에는 사과에 대한 수십 종의 교과서와 단행본, 소책자, 전자책 등이 발간되어 있었다.. 하지만 대개는 내용이 복잡하고 서술이 난해해 전문가가 아니면 이해하기 어려웠다. 연구자로서 ‘사과 재배를 하고 있거나 시작하려는 초보 농업인도 쉽게 이해할 수 있는 책이 필요하다’고 생각하던 차, 농민신문사와 인연이 닿아 이 책을 집필하게 되었다. 이 분야 최고의 전문가들로 집필진을 꾸렸고, 선정된 집필자들은 수십 차례 의견을 교환하면서 그간의 경험과 최신의 자료를 모아 누구나 알기 쉽게 정리하고자 했다. 이 책은 사과 재배에서 품종, 토양관리, 생리생태 및 전정 등 기술부터 경영까지 농가가 알아야 할 기본적인 사항의 골격 위에 전문적인 내용을 적절히 보태고, 필요한 경우 정보통신기술(ICT) 같은 최신의 경영 환경과 경향도 다루었다.. 가장 큰 특징은 기존의 교과서처럼 이론 위주로 열거한 것이 아니라, 현장에서 바로 이용할 수 있도록 핵심을 추려 참고서나 핸드북 형태로 정리한 점이다. 그러면서도 자세한 설명이 필요한 부분에는 집필자들의 현장 경험이나 최신 연구논문에 발표된 결과로 보충했다. 사과 재배 농가라면 누구나 ‘조금 더 깊이 있게 알았으면 좋겠다’ 생각할 바로 그 부분에 전문가의 족집게식 조언을 곁들인 셈이다. 이 책이 우리 집필진만의 성과물은 아니다. 국내의 각종 사과 교과서와 관련 논문, 농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 사과연구소를 비롯한 여러 기관과 전문가의 숱한 저서와 의견을 참고하고 인용한 결과 내용이 더욱 충실해질 수 있었다. 기꺼이 자료를 제공하고 의견을 개진해준 여러 기관과 많은 연구자들에게 깊이 감사드린다. 또 농민신문사의 뜨거운 격려와 적극적인 지원이 아니었으면 책이 세상에 나올 수 없었을 것이다. 농민신문사 관계자들에게도 이 지면을 빌려 감사의 말씀을 전한다. 돌아보니 부족하고 아쉬운 부분이 많지만 앞으로 수정하고 추가하는 것을 숙제로 삼으려 한다. 출간을 위해 격려해준 모든 분들께 다시 한 번 감사드린다.
목차펼치기접기
제1장 서언 1. 원산지 ··················································································································································································· 10 2. 우리나라 재배 내력 ········································································································································ 11 3. 재배 및 수출입 현황 ······································································································································ 12 4. 전망 ·························································································································································································· 15 5. 성분 ·························································································································································································· 15 제2장 재배 특성과 환경 1. 재배 특성 ········································································································································································· 20 2. 재배 환경 ········································································································································································· 23 제3장 품종 1. 품종 선택 요령 ······················································································································································· 30 2. 주요 품종의 특성 ··············································································································································· 33 제4장 왜성대목 종류 및 주요 특성 1. M.9 ··························································································································································································· 46 ······················································································································································································· 2. M.26 47 제5장 과원 조성 1. 개원 시 고려 사항 ············································································································································· 50 2. 조성 계획 수립 ························································································································································ 51 3. 조성 ·························································································································································································· 52 4. 재식 ··························································································································································································· 56 제6장 수형과 정지·전정 1. 결과 습성 ········································································································································································ 62 2. 수형 ·························································································································································································· 63 3. 왜성대목 및 일반대목 사과나무의 수형별 정지 · 전정 ························· 65 제7장 결실관리 1. 꽃눈 확보 ········································································································································································ 86 2. 수분과 수정 ································································································································································ 88 3. 열매솎기 ··········································································································································································· 91 제8장 토양관리 1. 토양 생산력 요인 ··············································································································································· 96 2. 토양개량 ······························································…
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