The Quality of life of North Korean

Contents Ⅰ. Introduction 1 Ⅱ. Theories on the Quality of Life and an AnalyticFramework for its Application in North Korea 7 1. Current Trends in International Research on the “Quality of Life” 9 2. Applying the “Quality of Life” Theory to North Korea 11 3. The Official North Korean Discourse on Life 13 Ⅲ. The Objective Circumstances of North Korea’s Quality of Life 15 1. The North Korean People’s Situation Regarding“Food, Clothing, and Housing” 17 2. The Illusion of “Free” Education and the Widening Inequalityin the Quality of Education 27 3. The Illusion of “Free” Education and the Widening Inequality in the Quality of Medical Services 32 IV. Subjective Perceptions on Quality of Life 39 1. The North Korean Authority’s Official Goals for Lifeand Actual Perceptions 41 2. The Different Classes’ Quality of Life: From the “Core,Agitation and Hostility” to “Upper, Middle and Lower” 45 3. Generational Changes in Quality of Life:Transitional Period of the Distribution System,Food Shortages, and the Market Generations 50 4. Gender Differences in the Perceptions on Quality of Life 55 Ⅴ. Conclusion: Improving the Quality of Life of the North Korean People 57

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