Financing oppression and weapons program
authors & investigators: Joanna Hosaniak, Ji-yoon Lee, Bitna Kim
Citizens' Alliance for North Korean Human Rights·2026-03-01
- 103쪽
- 170×255mm
- 사회과학
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책 소개
Financing Oppression and Weapons Program: Russia–North Korea Joint Venture Through Military and Security Forces examines the continued deployment of North Korean construction workers to Russia despite international sanctions banning the export of DPRK labor. Based on testimonies from North Korean defectors and open-source research, the book analyzes how North Korean party, military, and security institutions operate overseas construction enterprises that exploit workers to generate foreign currency for regime maintenance, military expansion, and nuclear development. It documents the command structures, financial flows, and sanctions-evasion mechanisms that sustain these operations, and highlights the role of Russia as an enabling environment for these operations. The book argues that human rights abuses, economic activity, and security risks linked to North Korea’s overseas labor system must be addressed together, including the networks that make these practices possible.
목차펼치기접기
I. Key Investigation Findings 1. Outmaneuvering Sanctions through Educational Visas and “Scholarships” 2. State, Military and Security Organs Financing Oppression and Weapons Program 3. Two Types of Corporations Involved in Forced Labor 4. Patterns in Corporate Registration and Military Financing 5. Analysis of Corporate Network and Gaps in International Sanctions 6. Case Study: LLC Kvanbok (Kwangbok) and its Overlap with Russia’s Forced Labor “Working Houses” 7. State-to-State Trafficking for Exploitation through Labor 8. Methodology 9. Implications for Human Rights Situation, Supply Chains and Global Security 10. Recommendations II. Structure of Government Organs and Companies Involved in Labor Trafficking Funding Military Programs and Regime Consolidation 1. Workers’ Party of Korea Munitions Industry Department – 131 Nuclear Guidance Bureau – Second Economic Committee Department 93 – Puhung Company 2. Second Economic Committee – Euljibong Company and Yeonjin Company 3. Ministry of National Defence – Military Mobilization Bureau – Kumryung Company / Engineer Corps (7th General Bureau) - Namgang Company 4. General Staff Department – Kangsong Company and Mokran Company 5. State Affairs Commission – Ministry of Public Security – Subway Operation Management Bureau – Jonsong Company 6. Workers’ Party of Korea Munitions Industry Department – Cholsan Company 7. Central Committee of Workers’ Party – Organization and Guidance Department - External Construction Guidance Bureau – Rungra / Chinson / Genco Companies 8. Cabinet - Pyongyang Construction Commission - Kwangbok III. Forensic Case Study of Kwangbok, a.k.a Kvanbok 1. Identified Partners and Associated Entities 2. Analysis of Transactions for Signs of Economic Crimes 3. Address-of-Registration Analysis Linked to Labour House (Forced Labour Facility) IV. Enablers of DPRK Labor Export to Russia 1. Sodeistvie College’s Bank Data 2. Interstate Migratory Center’s Telegram Chat Data V. Database of North Korean Companies and Russian Enablers
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