World Peace Index 2014

책 소개

Preface The overall level of world peace has sharply dropped down and trapped at lower level since its highest peak reached in 2010. And during the last four years, the World Peace Index (WPI) has continued to decrease from 71.9 in 2010 to 70.3 in 2011, 70.1 in 2012, 70.0 in 2013, and 69.6 in 2014. The World Peace Index of 2014 was similar to that of 2012, which was 69.5 when peace after 9/11 was reflected. Prolonged economic depression in Europe since the financial crisis of 2007-2008, The Middle East political storm of early 2011 significantly influenced the results. Especially countries with large population and strong military power that are expected to play a leadership role in world peace, like the United States, China, Russia and India, remain near bottom of the peace index ranking. In case of Korea, its peace level is somewhat lowered to 47th this year compared to 42nd in 2013 and 41st in 2012; although socio-economic level has improved from 29th(2013) to 23rd, domestic political peace and military-diplomatic levels have decreased sharply from 18th(2013) to 28th and 115th to 129th respectively. On the other hand, in 2014 Peace Index, North Korea has scored slightly higher than last year, moving from 117th to 110th, however, it still stays in the low range of the index. Rare improvement in the overall world peace indicates humankind’s unceasing struggle with insecurity and risks. That is why, in the era of uncertainty with constancy of risk and continuity of abnormalities, the need to make objective diagnosis of global situation as well as the importance of the World Peace Index is growing. Since 2001, the World Peace Forum (WPF) has continually developed and presented peace indices that can assess the levels of world peace more objectively and systematically. By proposing the peace condition of as many countries as possible with absolute evaluation scale of world peace, the Forum hopes to establish a early warning system of world peace and encourage the members of the global community to make more efforts to improve the peace condition of all parts of the world. The World Peace Index 2014 includes the peace index of 143 countries from 2001 to 2014. The WPI only published the peace index of 76 countries until 2010, but since then, it has drastically expanded its coverage to 142 in 2011 and 143 since 2012. In addition to making suggestions on how the peace condition of each country changes over time, interpretation of those changes is also given along with the results. We believe that this report would be a ground-breaking research to help scholars who participate in developing analysis standards, computing and measuring indices in the field of world peace assessment. What we would like to highlight in this fourteenth annual report is that there are two groups of countries according to the past research results over fourteen years: (1) countries that are constantly ranked above the average levels of peace index, and (2) countries that are constantly ranked below the average level of peace index. This phenomenon can be described as “polarization of peace.” Certain structures and patterns can be found when analyzing the past research results of World Peace Forum’s World Peace Index by political-diplomatic and socio-economic levels, region, population composition, income and education levels. Those countries with (1) small population size, (2) religious, linguistic and ethnic homogeneity or living in harmony, (3) high levels of education and income, (4) stable and safe neighboring environment, (5) consolidated democracy, tend to continue scoring relatively higher level of peace index. By contrast, countries that do not meet those conditions tend to score lower level of peace index. This gives us a lesson that each country should make the domestic effort to provide a certain level of quality education, improve income level, and establish democratic communities where “citizens” and civil liberties exist while establishing co…

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