Effects of international advocacy toward human rights of North Korea

책 소개

국제사회는 오랜 기간 동안 북한 주민들의 인권을 위한 옹호 활동을 펼쳐왔다. 2000년대부터는 유엔 차원의 적극적인 인권 옹호 활동이 시작되었고 EU, 미국, 일본 등 많은 국가들과 NGO들이 행동하기 시작했다. 국제 옹호활동은 많은 사람들이 북한이라는 나라가 어떠한 곳이고 얼마나 끔찍한 일들이 벌어졌고, 벌어지고 있는지 알릴 수 있는 효과적인 방법 중 하나였다.하지만 국제사회는 오랜 기간 동안 진행해온 옹호 활동이 북한의 인권 상황에 유의미한 변화를 가져왔는지, 가져왔다면 어떠한 변화였고 긍정적인 효과가 미쳤는지 알 수 없었다. 이에 따라 엔케이워치는 국제사회의 옹호 활동이 북한 내부에 어떠한 변화가 있었는지 검토했다. 북한은 수령에 의한 독재가 모든 사회의 구조에 모든 사람들의 일상에 뿌리 깊게 박혀 있어 구조적이고 근본적인 변화는 기대하기 어렵다. 하지만 엔케이워치는 이 조사를 통해 북한 주민들의 인권 상황 개선을 위해서는 국제사회의 관심과 개입만이 북한 인권 상황의 변화를 이끌어 낼 수 있다는 것을 절감했다. 북한 내부에 작지만 유의미한 인권 상황의 개선이 이루어지고 있기 때문이다.Over a long period of time, the international community has advocated for the promotion and protection of human rights in North Korea. Since the 2000s, the United Nations (UN) engaged in activities to monitor and improve the situation of human rights in North Korea. Likewise, various countries, such as the European Union, the United States of America, and Japan, and international NGOs have engaged in a variety of activities to protect and advance human rights in North Korea. International human rights advocacy was effective in raising awareness among the international community to know and acknowledge North Korea’s gross situation of human rights.However, it was unclear whether these efforts had any impact on North Korea’s human rights situation. The international community was unsure whether the advocacy had achieved a meaningful advancement in human rights in North Korea. The international community also wanted to know what changes or improvements were made to North Korea’s human rights conditions. This uncertainty caused exhaustion among the international community, resulting in decreased motivation to carry out such advocacy. As NK Watch faced the same situation of uncertainty and exhaustion, the organization thought it was pivotal to research on the impacts and changes in the situation of human rights in North Korea. It is believed that fundamental changes to the situation of human rights in North Korea is difficult to achieve, because human rights violations in North Korea stem from its leadership and dictatorial system deeply rooted in people’s lives. However, from this research, NK Watch realized that the situation of human rights in North Korea was and can be improved with continuous advocacy and attention by the international community. It was found that North Korea made small but meaningful progress in its human rights situation.

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