Documentation and accountability for North Korea's crime of enforced disappearance
[authors and contributors: Ethan Hee-seok Shin, April Song-ah Park, Jeonghyun Kang, Nina Seungju Lee, Hubert Younghwan Lee, Suhena Mehra, Seonghwi Cho, Soogon Park]
Transitional Justice Working Group·2025-01-01
- 162쪽
- 182×257mm
- 사회과학
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책 소개
In October 2024, Transitional Justice Working Group (TJWG) published Existing “Nowhere”: Looking into North Korea’s Crime of Enforced Disappearance based on in-depth interviews with North Korean escapees that (1) analyzed the process and pattern of enforced disappearances in North Korea, (2) highlighted the aiding and abetting of North Korea’s crime of enforced disappearance by Chinese and Russian authorities who arrest and repatriate North Korean refugees and asylum-seekers, and (3) called for the need to hold North Korea’s top officials accountable, including through the imposition of targeted sanctions. This report aims to build upon Existing “Nowhere” by first taking stock of the advocacy efforts made by TJWG and other stakeholders for North Korea’s crime of enforced disappearance and abduction in the fields of documentation and accountability. While considerable progress has been made, there are still political and legal actions that the international community has failed to take. The reasons and consequences for the absence of these actions will be discussed. As a human rights NGO, TJWG approaches its documentation and accountability project not simply as a matter of academic interest, but as an integral part of its broader advocacy strategy. Especially given the difficulty of raising the visibility of North Korean human rights and refugee issues due to the extremely limited access to the country, TJWG believes that documentation and accountability work should support advocacy efforts to improve the human rights of the North Korean people and refugees. This report also makes recommendations based on the stock-taking of the advocacy efforts made thus far to combat North Korea’s crime of enforced disappearance. These recommendations aim to overcome the bureaucratic and political inertia and inaction to promote documentation and accountability. A separate section at the end lists a set of recommendations for future actions addressed to each key stakeholder.
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INTRODUCTION DOCUMENTATION • TJWG’s Efforts to Collect, Consolidate, Analyze and Preserve Information • Future Documentation Work - North Korea’s Law and Institutions - Political Prison Camps (Kwanliso) - North Korean Refugees and Escapees - Religious Believers and ‘Subversive Influencers’ - Foreigners Abducted and/or Disappeared by North Korea - North Korea’s Overseas Workers and Military Personnel - Persons with Disabilities Transferred to a Remote Island ACCOUNTABILITY • The Legal Framework • Judicial Proceedings in Domestic and International Forums • Targeted Sanctions • OHCHR DPRK Accountability Project • South Korean Ministry of Unification’s North Korean Human Rights Record Center and Ministry of Justice’s North Korean Human Rights Archive • Future Accountability Work - Political prison camps (Kwanliso) - North Korean Refugees and Escapees - Religious Believers and ‘Subversive Influencers’ - Foreigners Abducted and/or Disappeared by North Korea - North Korea’s Overseas Workers and Military Personnel RECOMMENDATIONS • To Every State That Has Not Already Done So • To Like-Minded Countries or Friends of the North Korean People and Refugees • To North Korea • To China • To Russia • To South Korea • To Japan • To the United States • To the Human Rights Council • To the General Assembly • To the Security Council • To United Nations Human Rights Treaty Bodies and Special Procedures • To Civil Society • To OHCHR DPRK Accountability Project • To the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) [Table 1] Crimes Against Humanity (CAH) of Enforced Disappearance and Other Inhumane Acts Identified by the COI DPRK [Table 2] List of North Korean Seaborne Defections provided by ROK Ministry of Unification [Table 3] Record of North Korean Seaborne Defections provided by ROK Coast Guard
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